building technology

1. Chapter 3: Roofing and Finishing in Kenyan Buildings

3.1 Roofing Systems in Kenya

a) Types of Roof Structures

• Pitched/gable roofs: popular for residential houses

• Hipped roofs: aesthetic and weather-resistant

• Flat roofs: commercial buildings and modern design

• Trussed roof systems: timber vs steel

b) Roofing Materials and Application

• Corrugated iron sheets (mabati): affordability and availability

• Clay and concrete roofing tiles: durability and aesthetics

• Makuti (palm thatch): coastal and traditional homes

• Gutters, fascia boards, roof drainage

3.2 Finishing Techniques and Sustainable Practices

a) Finishing Materials and Methods

• Plastering: sand-cement finishes, lime plaster

• Painting: emulsion, gloss, undercoats and primers

• Flooring: terrazzo, ceramic tiles, concrete screed

• Ceiling finishes: gypsum, timber panels

b) Sustainability in Building Finishes

• Use of local and renewable materials

• Passive design for energy efficiency (natural lighting, ventilation)

• Rainwater harvesting systems

• Waste management during and after construction